Governments around the world have tightened restrictions on trade and investment based on economic-security justifications. The COVID-19 pandemic and rising geopolitical tensions, such as those
In recent years, several high-profile episodes have renewed concerns about central bank independence in practice, as governments exert pressure on central banks, shaping leadership transitions
Achieving sustainable development goals needs blended finance, where public money is used to crowd in larger private capital flows. The catalytic multiplier is a central
When geopolitical crises strike, oil prices often surge, with consequences that extend far beyond energy markets. This column shows that oil price shocks associated with
A common feature of flash crash episodes in financial markets is that liquidity vanishes precisely when it is most needed. This column argues that this
It is often claimed that executives reap rewards from favourable market tailwinds they did nothing to create. This column uses two decades of Danish data
Privacy regulations empower consumers, but they can also cut off credit for the populations that digital lenders were built to serve. Using application-level data on
Contemporary debates about Brazil’s growth potential – whether centred on the ‘middle income trap’, the slow pace of productivity growth, or the legacies of inequality
Political polarisation is often attributed to misinformation, echo chambers, or biased news. But new experimental evidence suggests that merely making a social conflict salient –
Air transport is central to global connectivity, but also a growing source of carbon emissions. Existing evidence shows that international trade and transport affect emissions
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