The UK vote to leave the EU in June 2016 generated an immediate political shock that was accompanied by a sharp rise in economic policy
The global surge in inflation following the COVID-19 pandemic prompted many central banks to raise interest rates sharply. A key channel through which monetary policy
Geopolitical risks are reshaping global production, yet little is known about how firms reallocate their supply chains in response. Using parent-affiliate matched data on Japanese
The US is taking actions to reshore manufacturing while largely abandoning decarbonisation. This column argues that, in response, the EU should capitalise on the potential
Across Europe, the promise of universal healthcare is under renewed scrutiny. Even in systems with near-universal coverage, policymakers face growing concerns about equity and access.
While the European Commission launches new legislative proposals to reform EU capital markets (European Commission 2025a), as part of its plan to implement the Savings
Global trade has become risky. Geopolitical conflict, trade policy uncertainty, and the risk of shipping disruptions are now on the rise, implying that access to
Deposits are US banks’ primary funding source; they are typically cheap, abundant, and slow to reprice. Many households keep substantial balances in bank accounts that
Artificial intelligence promises to reshape economies worldwide, but firm-level evidence on its effects in Europe remains scarce. This column uses survey data to examine how
The extraordinary rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has moved to the centre of policy, market, and academic debate. The key macroeconomic question is whether –
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