Mortality is one of the most salient consequences of climate change. Existing estimates have largely focused on the direct effects…
Development accounting is a simple tool with potentially powerful insights. It asks whether the measured differences in inputs between developing…
Tokenised finance has moved from the margins of crypto markets to the centre of the policy agenda. Central banks, regulators,…
Several countries are working to interlink their domestic fast payment systems in order to reduce costs and improve the speed…
Direct evidence on the effects of financial sanctions remains limited. This column uses correspondent banking data to study how sanctions…
The 2025-26 US tariffs have renewed the question of how much of a tariff reaches consumers, and how quickly. This…
What matters more for sovereign credit ratings – today’s debt or tomorrow’s deficits? This column explores how ratings weigh the…
Innovation has increasingly become a team activity, while inventors have become more concentrated in large firms. This column argues that…
Populism may not only have contemporary but also long-term effects on the macroeconomy. Using data for advanced economies and emerging…
High public debt in several euro-area countries has renewed the debate over a central question: can fiscal pressures in one…