China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was launched in 2013, first aiming at the development of transport infrastructure between China…
In a world of interconnected financial markets, policymakers and regulators face the complex task of identifying and addressing risks before…
Globalisation has lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty and made consumer goods dramatically cheaper in rich countries.…
Between 2005 and 2024, China more than doubled its oil consumption, becoming the world’s largest crude importer and accounting for…
The world is once again mobilising for war. Military budgets have surged to levels unseen since the Cold War, driven…
Political polarisation is a defining feature of modern societies (Boxell 2021). Not only does it shape elections and policy debates,…
Quantifying the carbon footprint of AI is an increasingly urgent task. Policymakers are debating whether the surge in electricity demand…
Extreme weather events – such as catastrophic floods or prolonged heatwaves – are increasing in frequency and intensity (IPCC 2021).…
Over the past two decades, Africa’s public debt landscape has undergone a profound transformation. The continent’s total public debt has…
In early 2025, ruling by emergency decree (Fayyad 2025), US President Donald Trump imposed steep and broad tariffs against the…