Generative AI tools such as GPT-4o are now widely accessible, but there is still limited experimental evidence on how they…
The independence of monetary authorities from political interference is a foundational principle of modern central banking, and understanding whether threats…
By some criteria, the post-pandemic disinflation was a triumph for central banks in advanced economies: inflation fell sharply from 40-year…
During the first half of 2025, the US and some of its trading partners announced significant changes to tariff policies.…
Europe is facing unprecedented financing challenges as it seeks to transform its economy while addressing new defence commitments. The scale…
The US administration’s latest threat to impose sweeping new tariffs on many of its closest allies signals a renewed embrace…
Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 marked an end to stability in Europe and beyond and fundamentally altered the…
Family-friendly policies often aim to make it ‘easier’ to have children, yet little is known about how firms respond to…
Many studies have highlighted the role of financial, and more recently non-financial, disclosure in mitigating information asymmetries between firms and…
Numerous central banks started to build the countercyclical capital buffer as bank profitability began to soar during the recent tightening…