The long‑running debate on the income–democracy nexus contrasts two opposing views on the direction of causality. According to the modernisation view (Lipset…
The debate about the economic consequences of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has focused on supply-side concerns such as soaring energy…
The era of ‘hyperglobalisation’ that defined world trade in the early 21st century has given way to a more fractured…
Banks have long relied upon cutting-edge technologies to deliver products and improve efficiency, but there is limited evidence on the…
It is well established that individuals with higher socioeconomic status (SES) live longer than those with lower SES, and that…
Debates over minimum wages have intensified in recent years (Roth et al. 2022) as policymakers seek tools to reduce inequality…
Accurately assessing inflation pressures remains a central challenge for monetary policy. Inflation movements arise from heterogeneous forces operating at different…
Effective tariff index comparisons are spotlighted in media reports on trade wars and trade talks. This column argues that the…
The European Central Bank’s work on a digital euro has increasingly been framed as a matter of monetary sovereignty. In…
Across the OECD, general government gross financial liabilities reached 111% of GDP at the end of 2024, almost 40 percentage…