Economy
Textbook monetary economics views inflation as fundamentally driven by aggregate shocks, such as money supply or policy rates. This column presents empirical evidence that inflation
December 22, 2025
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Article & News
Author: GECMagz
Banking
Artificial intelligence differs from other technological advancements in finance, such as the initial adoption of computers and automatic trading systems. As Norvig and Russell (2021)
December 18, 2025
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International Trade
Industrial raw materials such as nickel, cobalt, and rare earths are critical inputs in countless production processes, including renewable energy, lithium batteries, and permanent magnets.
December 18, 2025
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Finance
As European governments scale up investment, bond market stability is more critical than ever. This column shows that financial fragmentation can undermine that stability by
December 18, 2025
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Economy
Economists have long warned of the negative consequences of excessive US public debt (e.g. Friedman 1988). Yet the US government’s public debt has risen dramatically
December 15, 2025
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Health
Financial distress affects roughly one in five adults in OECD countries (OECD 2024). It constrains access to credit, impairs labour market outcomes, and makes the
December 15, 2025
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International Trade
Until 2018, the US-China trade data gap was in line with the discrepancies found in the bilateral trade data of China and its other partners,
December 15, 2025
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News
Europe must urgently strengthen its defence capabilities to secure strategic autonomy. The absence of such capacity leaves the continent vulnerable to economic and foreign policy
December 15, 2025
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News
Dismissals are costly for firms to implement and have lasting consequences for workers. Two defining features of individual dismissals are that they are typically unilateral
December 12, 2025
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CLimate Change
Since Poland’s pioneering issuance in 2016, more than 30 governments and many government agencies have issued debt instruments labelled as ‘green’, promising to finance projects
December 12, 2025
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