Many economies index their minimum wage to inflation to preserve its real value during inflationary periods. This column shows, however, that the timing and predictability
Concerns about declining student achievements have become central in education debates, with teacher quality drawing attention as a key driver. This column examines how wages
The EU aims to finance common priorities in defence, energy transition, and digital infrastructure with supranational EU bonds. This column argues that the current exclusion
Over the past year, developing countries have experienced important changes in their tariff treatment by the world’s two largest economies – the US and China.
European policymakers are debating using immobilised assets of the Central Bank of Russia held at Euroclear to finance a ‘reparation loan’ for Ukraine. This column
A common view is that fiscal policy operates not only through direct demand effects, but also by boosting business optimism and therefore investment. This column
In recent decades, many developing countries – particularly in East Asia during the 1990s era of ‘hyper-globalisation’ – experienced unprecedented growth that economists have credited
A central challenge for ageing Western societies is securing sustainable financing for long-term care (Araki et al. 2024). This is especially salient in the US,